Gottfeied l



(No Model.) Y Y No. 239,534e

Patented March 29, |8181.

v um:

` @gmk nP/ETEKS, PHOTOMTHOGRAFHER, wAsHur-IQN, C.

. ing drawings,

AUNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HOUSE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.

239,534, dated March 29, 1881.A

Application filed October 27, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Beitknown that LGOTTEETED LNORRMAN, of Spartanburg, in the county of Spartanburg and State of South Carolina, have invented certain Improvements in the Construction of Houses; and I hereby declare the following to bea full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanyin which- Figure l is a vertical section of the outer wall. Fig. 2 is an elevation, showin g the man-v ner of constructing the partition-wall. Figs. 3 and 4 are details. Fig. 5 illustrates the ordinary construction of frame houses.

The object of my invention is to provide a construction of walls for frame houses which shall be approximately weather and rat proof.

Heretofore it has been customary, in the construction of the walls of frame houses, for the outer walls to be made by laying the siding or sheathing on the outer faces of the scantling or other timbers and nailing the weatherboarding over the sheathing, the laths being nailed directly to the inner faces of the sameV timbers and the plasterin g applied. In making partition-walls it has been customary to nail the laths on the opposite faces of the scantling and apply the plaster. In both these constructions a space of con siderable sizegeuerally the thickness of the timbers-is left within the walls, as the keys of the plaster rarely project more than from half to three-quarters of an inch within the wall. Through the cracks in the weather-boarding and sheathing in outside walls the air has free access to the space described and absorbs a great amount of heat from the plastering, and in both outside and partition walls the space affords a thoroughfare for rats to move about a house, and my improved construction is for the purpose of avoiding these objections.

i. Myinvention consists,first, in a combination of twobattens, one arranged on the inside and one on the outside of the sheathing, with the weather-boardingilaid on the outside battens and the laths and plastering laid on the inside battens, whereby two separate and distinct chambers are made within the wall; second, in a partition-wall constructed of a solid plank base overlaid on each side with diagonal battens, the relation between the opposite battens, or between the battens and the planking raking in opposite directions, heilig such as to form a truss, which prevents the partition sagging and cracking the plastering, as hereinafter more speciiically described; and it further consists of sundry details of construction, as hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In order that those skilled in the art may make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe the manner in which I have carried it out.

In the said drawings, A represents the foundation, upon which I lay a sill, B, that supports the floor-joists G. The siding F is :nailed on vertically to the sill, with the lower ends resting on the foundation, and should extend the full height of the building, if possible, it being most convenient to have the siding either eight or twelve inches wide. The

joints between the sidingboards are covered on both sides with battens D G about one inch by two and a half inches. 'Iheinside battens rest with their lower ends on pieces e, and the upper ends support girthsH, on which rest joists C', and the same construction of the battens is carried on in the second story. The piece c is to give good nailing-support to the siding. The outside battens are put on vertically over the joints of the siding, in the same manner as the inside battens. when the outside is intended to be weather-boarded, as shown in the drawings; but when the walls are shingled or paneled on outside battens should be put on horizontally.

the outside the i To the inside battens theilaths are nailed and the plastering applied in the usual manner. To the outside battensisna'zled weather-boarding, shingles, or other desied covering.

In applying the plasteriig d, the keys between the laths, projecting into the space between thc siding and the laths, so nearly lls the space as to prevent rats from moving in it. (See Fig. 3.) It will be observed that this construction leaves two distinct non-communi- I'eating air-chambers within the wall, the inner one containing a body of lconfined air, which acts as an insulating medium against changes of itemperature. I

The partition-wall I construct as follows: I arrange a solid plank partition, P, the planks being arranged diagonally,

as shown, by naillOO 'ing the plank to therside of thexjoists at the top and bottom. Over this partition, on both sides, I nail battens N, arranged in an opposite diagonal direction from the planks P. To these battens are nailed the laths ff, not less than one-halt' inch apart, so as to allow the mortar of the plasteriug Z to go through the openings and lill up the space between the laths and the solid plank partition. This will make a rat-proof and nearly fire-proof partition, and the relative arrangement of the battens Will form a perfect truss to prevent the partition sagging. Moreover, it possesses the advantage' over the ordinary partition that nails can be driven into itat any point, so that they will hold regardless ot' any studding.

It is obvious that the planks of the partition may be arranged vertically, the battens on the opposite sides raking in opposite Without departing from the spirit vention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure. by Letters Patent, isr l. A series of battens, D G, incombination with aninterposed vertically-arran ged sheathing, F, Weather-boarding E, lathing f, and plastering d, for purpose set forth.

2. Thepartition-walls consisting ot' plank partition P, combined with diagonal strips N 3o and superimposed laths and plastering, substantially as set forth.

GOTTFRIED L. NORRMAN.

Attest:

W. F. MoRsELL, M. M. ROHRER.

directions,

of my in-fz'o 

